types of securities in financial market
types of securities in the financial market - a document certifying the property right or the ratio of the loan the owner of the document in relation to the person who issued the document.
A security may be issued by a legal entity; each valuable paper has its owner, as defined in accordance with the rules of the securities and the law. The owner has a property right in relation to the person who issued the securities. Right, certified by a valuable paper, can be переуступлено to another person only together with the transfer of the security.
The types of securities in the financial market are:
Share is a security that certifies the right of its holder (shareholder) of the ownership interest in the authorized capital of the joint-stock company. Shares can be ordinary, which give the right of management of a joint-stock company (voting rights) and the right to receive a share of the profit of the joint stock company in the form of dividends. Shares may also be preferred, which do not give the shareholder the right to vote (if otherwise is not stipulated by the Charter), but give the right to fixed income, regardless of whether the obtained if the joint-stock company profits, but also give the advantage to receive part of the property upon its liquidation.
A bond is a security evidencing the loan relationships between its owner (the lender) and the person who has issued the bond (the debtor). A bond entitles its holder to receive from the debtor specified in it the amount (par value) and indicated in her income. On liquidation of the enterprise, the investor acquired the bond acts as a lender. The bond may be registered and payable to bearer. Nominal value of the bonds does not necessarily have to be fixed and expressed in the currency or Russian rubles. The nominal value may correspond to the certain quantity of the precious metals, oil, or other material assets. The nominal value can be expressed in intangible assets, for example, the right of lease, the refinancing rate and so on. In connection with the change of the value of such assets, respectively, and the amount of the par value will be floating.
Check - unconditional written order of the Issuer to the Bank to pay the check holder sum indicated in it. Check somewhat similar to the bill of exchange because it is used for transferring the money to a third person. The check can be registered and payable to bearer. And because the cheque is not used as an instrument of credit, and as a way of transfer of funds, the charge to him are not produced, and income taxes are not charged.
Bill of exchange is a security that certifies the unconditional obligation of the Issuer (a simple bill of exchange), or any other named in the bill payer (bill of exchange) to pay upon the occurrence of specified in the bill of exchange term of a certain amount to the owner of promissory notes. The bill appeared quite a long time. Draft law has been formed by the end of the XIV century. For unification of the settlements with the use of promissory notes in 1930, were adopted by the Geneva promissory notes of the Convention, which have been ratified by 44 countries.
Bill of lading - property confirmation certifying the right of its holder to order specified in the bill of lading cargo and get it after the completion of the carriage.
The savings certificate or certificate of Deposit is a written certificate of the Bank's contribution of funds, certifying the right of the depositor to receive upon the expiration of the specified term of the Deposit (Deposit) and interest on it. Savings certificate can possess only a natural person Deposit certificate - only a legal entity. The depositor on депозтному certificate вностит Deposit, and - under the savings certificate - contribution. The investor certificate is called "the beneficiary". This difference in the treatment is not peculiar to many countries, where certificates of unified form is treated as among individuals and among the legal entities. The essence of the certificate is defined by two characteristics:
confirmation of the fact that the owner has made a certain amount of money on Deposit and shall be entitled to receive upon the occurrence of a certain period
can be переуступлен a third party.
The types of securities in the financial market are also other paper, not contradicting to the law on securities (option, futures, warrant).
